Cikakkun polymers - polymers da ke daidaita kayan jiki da tasirin muhalli - ba su wanzu ba, amma polybutylene tereplator (pbat) ya fi kusa da mutane da yawa.
Bayan da suka ga dama na dakatar da kayayyakinsu suna ƙarewa a cikin filayen ƙasa da teku, masu wakilan polymer na roba suna fuskantar matsin lamba don ɗaukar nauyi. Da yawa suna sake yin ƙoƙarin su don inganta sake yin bincike don yin watsi da zargi. Sauran kamfanoni suna ƙoƙarin magance matsalar sharar ta ta hanyar saka hannun jari na tushen sahun-acid kamar su lalata abubuwa (PLYHHYHACTRIXY (PLY), a cikin begen yanayi na zahiri (PLYHLYHAXY
Amma duka biyun sake amfani da bioplymers fuskantar cikas. Misali, duk da shekaru na kokarin, har yanzu Amurka har yanzu tana sake yin kasa da kashi 10 na robobi. Kuma polymers na tushen ra'ayi - galibi samfuran fermentation - suna ƙoƙari don cimma burin da aka yiwa da sikirin da suke nufi don maye gurbinsu.
PBAT yana haɗuwa da wasu kayan amfani na abubuwan da suka shafi na roba da keɓaɓɓen abubuwa. An samo shi ne daga samfuran Petrochemical na kowa - mai gyara terephtha acid (PTA), bohentiol da adipic acid, amma yana da tsirara. A matsayin polymer na roba, ana iya samun sauƙin samar da abubuwa, kuma yana da kayan aikin jiki da ake buƙata don samar da finafinan sassauƙa zuwa ga waɗancan hanyoyin gargajiya.
Sha'awa a PBAT tana kan tashin. Kafa masu samarwa kamar su Jamus ta Basf da Talya na Novamont suna ganin ƙara bukatar bayan da shekarun da suka gabata na kasuwar kasuwa. Sun hada da su fiye da rabin dozin masu samar da kayayyakin Asiya waɗanda ke tsammanin kasuwanci don polymer don yin haɓaka gwamnatocin yankin don tura dorewa.
Marc Verbrugogen, tsohon Shugaba na Ma'aikata na TOALI NA DARAJA, KYAUTATA CEWA PBAT shine "mafi arha PBAT yana zama mafi sauƙin cizon bioplastic, yana gaba da poly ya tanada bututun bootenediol Etster ( PBS) da PHAN gasa. Kuma wataƙila yana yin daraja tare da robobi guda biyu masu mahimmanci, wanda ya ce ya zama babban samfurin don m aikace-aikace.
Ramin Narayan, wani farfesa na injiniyan sunadarai a Jami'ar Jihar Micy, ya ce babban batun siyar da Carbon-carbon kasusuwa kamar polyethylene. Ester Bonds yana cikin sauƙin hydrolyzed da lalacewa ta enzymes.
Misali, Polylactic acid da Ph Ph Popyesters da ya ragu lokacin da aka karkatar da lokacin da Ester ya nuna. Amma mafi yawan polyester polyester - polyethylene terphththating (Pet), ana amfani dashi a cikin zaruruwa da kwalabe da soda - ba ya rushewa da sauƙi. Wannan saboda zobe mai ƙanshi a cikin kashinsa ya fito ne daga PTA. A cewar Narayan, zoben da suka ba da kayan aikin su ma suna yin dabbobi hydrophobic. "Ruwa ba shi da sauƙi a shiga kuma yana rage jinkirin tsarin hydrolysis duka," in ji shi.
Basf yana sanya polybutylene (PBT), polyester da aka yi daga kayan abinci. Masu binciken kamfanin suna neman polymer na samar da ruwa da za su iya samarwa cikin sauƙi. Sun maye gurbin wasu PTA a PBT tare da Adipoose na Dicid glycolic acid. Ta wannan hanyar, sassan mai ƙanshi na polymer sun rabu domin su iya zama tsirara. A lokaci guda, isasshen PTA ya bar don ba da kayan polymer mai mahimmanci.
Narayan ya yi imanin cewa PBAT ya dan kadan kara da karfi fiye da PL, wanda ke buƙatar takin masana'antu don bazu. Amma ba zai iya yin gasa da Phase da ake samun kasuwancin ba, waɗanda suke da ƙarfi a cikin yanayin yanayi, har ma a cikin mahalli na ruwa.
Kwararrun galibi suna kwatanta kayan jiki na PBAT zuwa ƙarancin polyethylene, polyethermer na roba da ake amfani da shi don yin finafinai, kamar jakar datti.
PBAT shine sau da yawa hade da pla, polymer mai tsauri tare da polystyrene-kamar kaddarorin. Basf's Ecovio ya dogara da wannan hadawa. Misali, Verbrugogen ya ce jakar mai siyarwa ta ci gaba da ta ƙunshi kashi 85% na PBAT da 15%.
Novamont yana ƙara wani girma ga girke-girke. Kamfanin ya haɗu da pbat da sauran tsirara polylesters tare da sitaci don ƙirƙirar resins don takamaiman aikace-aikace.
Stefano Ferco, Manajan Kasuwancin Kamfanin, ya ce: "A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, Nuwamba ya mai da hankali kan aikace-aikacen da aka lalata da samfurin da kanta. "
Babban kasuwa don PBAT shine ciyawa, wanda aka yada amfanin gona don hana ciyawa da taimakawa riƙe danshi. Lokacin da ake amfani da fim ɗin polyethylene, dole ne a ja sama kuma sau da yawa binne a cikin filayen. Amma fina-finai masu tsirara za a iya horar da kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa.
Wani babban kasuwa shine jaka mai fadi don sabis na abinci da tarin abinci na abinci da kuma sharar gida.
Jaka daga kamfanoni irin su Biobag, kwanan nan an sayar a dama da dama.
Lokacin Post: 26-11-21